Knowing your skin type is one of the first steps most people take when putting together a skin care regimen. However, what most people don't understand is that a person's type usually doesn't fall into one of the rigid categories that are often used to define skin type. Before you can design a body care plan this is right for you, it is a good idea to get past the oily, dry, sensitive and mature definitions and realize that everyone has some form of combination skin. Combination skin is simply one way of saying that parts of each person may have one type on part of the skin and some parts will have another.
For example, on your face, you may experience dry skin on your cheek and neck areas and then notice an oily forehead, nose and chin, also known as the T-zone. For others, this type of situation may exist on the back, arms, chest, etc. When using skin care products you should be cautious not to simply use ones that treat one specific type. A heavy moisturizer on oily skin is not a good idea since it can block your pores and cause even more oil (sebum) to be produced.
Below are the four major skin types and some basic guidelines for proper care for each. This is by no means a comprehensive guide but can help you in determining which type of products can be combined to treat each type of skin.
Oily Skin
This type is almost always caused by problems related to the sebaceous glands. These glands product sebum which is the oily substance that causes greasy, shiny (oily) skin. The most common areas to find this type are in the T-zone on the face, the back and chest. Medium to large pores are also common with this skin type and this is the reason why acne and blemishes are usually associated with oily skin (although it is clogged pores that are usually the culprit).
Care for oily skin should include cleansing with water, gel, milk or clay based cleansers. These remove oil without stripping away the moisture. Herbal astringents are also good to deep clean - avoid alcohol based toners. Lightweight moisturizer (aloe based) is a must to avoid stimulating more oil production.
Dry Skin
Dry skin lacks the natural oil and moisture production that is needed to remain balanced and soft. Scaly, flaky texture that is rough to the touch is most often associated with dry skin. Small pores and tightness are commonly associated with this type and fine lines will appear more easily on dry skin.
Skin care should include a moisture rich cleanser such as those found in milk or cream based solutions. Try to avoid using common bar soaps and other products that may cause the skin to become even more dry. Essential oils are also a good ingredient to look for. Skin toners should be used sparingly. The ingredients found in these can irritate dry skin. Heavy moisturizes are a good way to go after exfoliating the dead cells that appear more frequently with dry complexion. These cells can clog pores and lead to acne breakouts.
Sensitive Skin
When the skin is sensitive, it reacts much more quickly to irritants than the other types. Chemicals in care products and environmental conditions often leave the skin raw and red. The goal in treating sensitive skin is provide the nutrients and moisture that is needed without introducing compounds that cause inflammation and irritation. Sensitive skin is also often includes a dry skin condition.
skinfare.com Skin care for sensitive skin should be free of all fragrances and color additives. Natural or organic treatments are a good bet here, especially those with aloe, jojoba and other organic essential oils. With cleansing and toning, the key word is "non-abrasive". The last thing you want is to directly apply harsh cloths, scrubs or chemicals. Light to medium weight moisturizers and emollients are a great choice.
Mature Skin
Mature skin type is skin that is beginning to show the signs of aging. Loose skin, rougher texture and wrinkles are the hallmarks of aging skin. Most of these effects can be directly attributed to sun exposure over time. Though difficult for most people to apply on a daily basis, sunscreen is your best friend when it comes to preventing the appearance of aging.
Skin care for mature skin should include a nutrient and vitamin rich moisturizing cleansers one to two times a day. Gentle astringents or toners are preferable as is any product that can aid the underlying structures of the skin such as alpha hydroxy acids. Water based moisturizers that are easily absorbed and light to medium weight are preferred over heavy products.
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